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中国历史年代简表英译


原始社会  Primitive Society        Remote antiquity - 4000 years ago
奴隶社会  Slave Society      Around 21st century - 476 B.C.
  夏  Xia Dynasty       Around 21st - 16th century B.C.
  商  Shang Dynasty        Around 16th - 11th century B.C.
  周  Zhou Dynasty :
     西周  Western Zhou      Around 11th century – 771 B.C.
     东周  Eastern Zhou :      
  春秋  Spring&Autumn Period       770 - 476 B.C.
  战国  Warring States Period       475–221 B.C.
封建社会  Feudal Society        475 B.C.- A.D.1840
  秦  Qin Dynasty          221 – 206 B.C.
  汉  Han Dynasty :      206 BC – 220 AD
     西汉  Western Han      206 B.C.- A.D.25
     东汉  Eastern Han      25 – 220
  三国  Three Kingdoms :       220 - 280
     魏  Wei        220 – 265
     蜀汉  Shu Han        221 – 263
     吴  Wu       222 – 280
  晋  Jin Dynasty :        265 - 420
    西晋  Western Jin        265 – 316
    东晋  Eastern Jin        317 – 420
  南北朝  Northern and Southern Dynasties :       386 - 589
     南朝  Southern Dynasties :      
        宋  Song      420 – 479
        齐  Qi      479 – 502
        梁  Liang       502 – 557
        陈  Chen       557 – 589
    北朝  Northern Dynasties :
       北魏  Northern Wei      386 – 534
       东魏  Eastern Wei      534 – 550
       西魏  Western Wei      535 – 556
       北齐  Northern Qi      550 – 577
       北周  Northern Zhou       557 – 581
  隋  Sui Dynasty       581 – 618
  唐  Tang Dynasty       618 – 907
  五代  Five Dynasty :       907 – 960
     后梁  Later Liang       907 – 923
     后唐  Later Tang        923 – 936
     后晋  Later Jin         936 – 946
     后汉  Later Han         947 – 950
     后周  Later Zhou        951 – 960
  宋  Song Dynasty :        960 – 1279
    北宋  Northern Song        960 – 1127
    南宋  Southern Song        1127 – 1279
  辽  Liao        916 – 1125
  西夏  Xixia       1038 – 1227
  金  Jin       1115 – 1234
  元  Yuan Dynasty       1279 – 1368
  明  Ming Dynasty       1368 – 1644
  清  Qing Dynasty       1644 – 1911
  中华民国  Republic of China       1912 – 1949
  中华人民共和国  the People’s Republic of China        Founded in 1949


中国地名的新旧译名对照

1.直辖市
北京(京)      Beijing(Peking)
上海(沪、申城)       Shanghai(Shanghai)
天津(津)       Tianjin(Tientsin)
重庆(渝、山城)      Chongqing

2.省、自治区及其省会(或自治区首府)
安徽省(皖)       Anhui(Anhwei) Province
  合肥        Hefei(Hofei)
福建省(闽)       Fujian(Fukien) Province
  福州(榕城)       Fuzhou(Foochow)
甘肃省(甘、陇)      Gansu(Kansu) Province
  兰州       Lanzhou(Lanchow)
广东省(粤)      Guangdong(Kwangtung) Province
  广州(穗、花城、羊城)      Guangzhou(Kwangchow or Canton)
广西壮族自治区(桂)      Guangxi Zhuang(Kwangsi Chuang) Autonomous Region
  南宁       Nanning(Nanning)
贵州省(黔、贵)      Guizhou(Kweichow) Province
  贵阳        Guiyang(Kweiyang)
海南省(琼)      Hainan(Hainan)
  海口        Haikou(Haicow)
河北省(冀)       Hebei(Hopei) Province
  石家庄       Shijiazhuang(Shihchiachuang)
新疆维吾尔自治区(新)      Xinjiang Uygur(Sinking Ueghur) Autonomous Region
  乌鲁木齐       Urumqi(Urumchi)
西藏自治区(藏)      Tibet Autonomous Region
  拉萨        Lhasa(Lhasa)
云南省(云、滇)       Yunnan(Yunnan) Province
  昆明(春城)       Kunming(Kunming)
浙江省(浙)       Zhejiang(Chekiang) Province
  杭州        Hangzhou(Hangchow)
黑龙江省(黑)       Heilongjiang(Heilungkiang) Province
  哈尔滨        Harbin(Harbin)
湖北省(鄂)       Hubei(Hupeh) Province
  武汉(江城)       Wuhan (Wuhan)
河南省(豫)      Henan(Honan) Province
  郑州       Zhengzhou(Chengchow)
湖南省(湘)       Hunan(Hunan) Province
  长沙        Changsha(Changsha)
江苏省(苏)        Jiangsu(Kiangsi) Province
  南京(宁、石头城)       Nanjing(Nanking)
江西省(赣)       Jiangxi(Kiangsi) Province
  南昌       Nanchang(Nanchang)      
吉林省(吉)       Jilin(Kiangsi) Province
  长春       Changchun(Changchun)
辽宁省(辽)      Liaoning(Liaoning) Province
  沈阳        Shenyang(Shenyang)
内蒙古自治区(内蒙古)       Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region
  呼和浩特(青城)      Hohhot(Huhehot)
宁夏回族自治区(宁)      Ningxia Hui(Ningsia Hui) Autonomous Region
  银川        Yinchuan(Yinchuan)
青海省(青)      Qinghai(Chinghai) Province
  西宁        Xining(Sining)
陕西省(陕、秦)      Shaanxi(Shensi) Province
  西安        Xi’an(Sian)
山东省(鲁)       Shandong(Shantung) Province
  济南(泉城)       Jinan(Jsinan)
山西省(晋)      Shanxi(Shansi) Province
  太原       Taiyuan(Taiyuan)
四川省(川、蜀)      Sichuan(Szechuan) Province
  成都(容城)      Chengdu(Chengtu)
台湾省(台)      Taiwan(Taiwan)
  台北      Taibei(Taipei)

3.特区
香港(港)     Hong Kong
澳门(澳)     Macao



我国主要少数民族名称英译

傣族         Dai
傈僳族         Lisu
佤族         Va
拉祜族         Lahu
景颇族         Jingpo
布朗族         Blang
藏族         Tibetan
纳西族         Naxi
普米族         Primi
怒族         Nu
阿昌族         Achang
满族        Manchu
朝鲜族         Korean
鄂伦春族         Oroqen
东乡族         Dongxiang
保安族         Bonan
回族        Hui
撒拉族         Salar
土族        Tu
裕固族        Yugur
塔塔族        Tatar
锡伯族        Xibe
独龙族        Derung
苗族        Miao
高山族        Gaoshan
仡佬族        Gelao
布依族        Bouyei
俄罗斯族        Russian
乌孜别克族        Uzbek
门巴族        Monba
珞巴族        Lhoba
羌族        Qiang
白族        Bai
德昂族        De’ang
仫佬族        Mulao
基诺族        Jino
毛南族        Maonan
畲族        She
土家族        Tujia
蒙古族        Mongol
达翰尔族        Daur
赫哲族        Hezhen
柯尔克孜族        Kirgiz
鄂温克族        Ewenki
塔吉克族        Tajik
哈萨克族        Kazak
维吾尔族        Uygur
哈尼族       Hani
京族       Gin
水族       Sui
黎族       Li
瑶族       Yao
壮族       Zhuang
侗族       Dong
彝族       Yi

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我国主要的政党、团体、领导机关名称英译


Communist Party of China (CPC)        中国共产党
Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang        中国国民党革命委员会
China Democratic League        中国民主同盟
China Democratic National Construction Association        中国民主建国会     
China Association for Promoting Democracy         中国农工民主党
China Zhi Gong Dang        中国致公党
Jiu San Society         九三学社
Taiwan Democratic Self-Government League         台湾民主自治同盟
All-China Federation of Trade Unions        中华全国总工会      
Communist Youth League of China         中国共产主义青年团
All-China Women’s Federation         中华全国妇女联合会
All-China Youth Federation         中华全国青年联合会
All-China Students’ Federation         中华全国学生联合会
China Federation of Literary and Art Circles        中国文学艺术界联合会
All-China Journalists’ Association        中华全国新闻工作者协会
Chinese People’s Institute of Foreign Affairs        中国人民外交学会
Chinese People’s Association for Friendship with Foreign Countries        中国人民对外友好协会
All-China Spots Federation        中华全国体育总会
Red Cross Society of China        中国红十字会总会
All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce        中华全国工商联合会
Central Committee of the CPC        中共中央
National People’s Congress (NPC)       全国人民代表大会
Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) 中国人民政治协商会议
Central Military Commission of the CPC       中共中央军事委员会
Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of the CPC   中共中央纪律检查委员会
Supreme People’s Court        最高人民法院
Supreme People’s Procuratorate        最高人民检察院
State Council        国务院
Ministry of Foreign Affairs        外交部
Ministry of National Defence        国防部
National Development and Reform Commission        国家发展和改革委员会
Ministry of Education         教育部
Ministry of Science and Technology       科学技术部
Commission of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defence     国防科技技术工业委员会
State Ethnic Affairs Commission        国家民族事务委员会
Ministry of Public Security        公安部
Ministry of State Security        国家安全部
Ministry of Supervision         监察部
Ministry of Civil Affairs         民政部
Ministry of Justice         司法部
Ministry of Finance         财政部
Ministry of Personnel        人事部
Ministry of Labour and Social Security         劳动和社会保障部
Ministry of Land and Resources         国土资源部
Ministry of Construction         建设部
Ministry of Railways        铁道部
Ministry of Communications        交通部
Ministry of Information Industry        信息产业部
Ministry of Water Resources         水利部
Ministry of Agriculture        农业部
Ministry of Commerce        商务部
Ministry of Culture        文化部
Ministry of Public Health        卫生部
National Population and Family Planning Commission      国家人口和计划生育委员会
People’s Bank of China       中国人民银行
State Auditing Administration       国家审计署

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中国英语报刊


Beijing Review        《北京周报》
Beijing Ribao (Beijing Daily)        北京日报》
China Daily       《中国日报》
China’s Foreign Trade         《中国对外贸易》
Chinese Literature         《中国文学》
China Pictorial         《中国画报》
China Screen         《中国银屏》
China Sports        《中国体育》
China Today        《今日中国》
Gongren Ribao (Workers’ Daily)        《工人日报》
Guangming Ribao (Guangming Daily)        《光明日报》
Jiefangjun Bao (Liberation Army Daily)        《解放日报》
Renmin Ribao (People’s Daily)        《人民日报》
Shanghai Daily        《上海日报》
Shanghai Star        《上海英文星报》
Social Sciences in China       《中国社会科学》
Women of China        《中国妇女》
Zhingguo Qingnian Bao (China’s Youth Daily)       《中国青年报》


电影术语英译

Hundred Flowers Awards         百花奖
Golden Rooster Awards         金鸡奖
Best Actor Award        最佳男主角奖
Best Actress Award         最佳女主角奖
Best Supporting Actress Award          最佳女配角奖
Best Supporting Actor Award         最佳男配角奖
Best Director Award         最佳导演奖
Best Feature Film Award        最佳影片奖
Honorary Award         荣誉奖
Special Award         特别奖
Outstanding Film Award         优秀影片奖
A Color Feature Film        彩色故事片
A Wide-Screen Feature Film in Color       彩色宽银幕故事片
Produced by...        出品
Co-Produced by...        联合出品(摄制)
Film Dubbing Studio       电影译制厂

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部分国产影片名英译


The Naughty Boy         《顽童》
The Orphan Rescues His Grandfather       《孤儿救祖记》
The Lamb Astray        《迷途的羔羊》
An Orphan on the Street         《三毛流浪记》
The Letter with Feathers        《鸡毛信》
Zhang Gal, the Soldier Boy        《小兵张嘎》
Little Bell         《小铃铛》
Little Bunny         《小白兔》
The Magic Aster         《马兰花》
The Kite       《风筝》
Sparkling Red Star        《闪闪的红星》
Kids Canteen         《娃娃餐厅》
Bubbling spring        《泉水叮咚》
The Crane Flying Back        《飞来的仙鹤》
The Little House under the Moon        《月光下的小屋》
The September of Mine       《我的九月》
In Their Teens        《豆蔻年华》
Sister and Brother in the Remote Mountains      《远山姐弟》
The Girl in Red        《红衣少女》
Juvenile Delinquents        《少年犯》
The Missing Girl Student         《失踪的女中学生》
Death of a College Girl        《女大学生之死》
Forever Young        《青春万岁》
Childhood Friends        《童年的朋友》
The Men Who Gave Me My Start       《扶我上马的人》
Newsboy        《报童》
An Orphan Joins the Army        《三毛从军记》
A Lonely Sad Girl        《多此一女》
Don’t Cry, Mom         《别哭,妈妈》
Miss Jiaojiao         《娇娇小姐》
Wonder Boy        《霹雳贝贝》
Red Snow        《极地营救》
The Beginning of Life        《人之初》
Come On! Feet Speak Louder        《来吧,用脚说话》
The Drummer from the Huoyan Mountains        《火焰山来的鼓手》
Meeting Life and Death        《面对生命》
O! Sweet Snow        《哦!香雪》
An Answer from Heaven         《天堂回信》
Four Buddies         《四个小伙伴》
Brother Echo        《应声阿哥》
Dream of Dance        《爱君如梦》
Black Snow        《本命年》
Far From Home        《我的美丽乡愁》
A Woman’s Street         《女人街》
The Trouble-Shooters         《顽主》
Twelve Years of Ups & Downs         《风雨十二年》
The Baise Uprising        《百色起义》
A Dream of Red Mansions        《红楼梦》
Hero       《英雄》
Bethune: the Making of A Hero        《白求恩》
The Last Aristocrats        《最后的贵族》
The Dreaming Age        《多梦时节》
Crazy Dancers        《西部狂舞》
The Third Man in Her Life       《第三个男人》
A Tree in House        《没事偷着乐》
Sorry, Baby        《没完没了》
The Road Home         《我的父亲母亲》
A Time to Remember         《红色恋人》
Life Show         《生活秀》

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体育词汇英译


径赛         track event
田径         field event
100米赛跑        100-meter sprint
跨栏赛跑         hurdle-race
障碍赛跑         obstacle race
竞走        walking race
跳高        high jump
撑杆跳        pole-vault
跳远        long jump
三级跳远        triple jump, step and jump
掷铅球        shot-put
掷铁饼        discus throwing
掷链球        hammer throwing
掷标枪        javelin throwing
十项全能        decathlon
接力赛跑        relay race
举重         weight-lifting
体重级别        weight categories
最轻量级        bantam-weight
次轻量级        feather-weight
轻量级        light-weight
中量级        middle-weight
次重量级        middle-heavy-weight
重量级        heavy-weight
体操        gymnastics
自由体操        free exercise
鞍马        pommelled horse
吊环        rings
跳马        vaulting horse
双杠        parallel bars
单杠        horizontal bar
高低杠        uneven bars
平衡木        balance bearn
单人双桨        single sculls
双桨        pair-oars
四人无舵手        coxswainless four-oars
双人有舵手        pair-oars with coxswain
游泳         swimming
自由泳         freestyle
仰泳         back stroke
蛙泳         frog style
个人混合泳         individual medley
混合泳接力赛         medley relay race
跳水         diving
跳板跳水比赛        springboard competition
跳台跳水运动员        platform diver
拳术        Chinese boxing
太极拳       taijiquan
剑        sword
大刀        broadsword
枪        spear
棍        cudgel
体育工作者        physical culture workers
教练        coach
运动员        athlete
领队        team leader
裁判        referee, judge, umpire
发令员        starter
检查员        control judge
记分员        scorekeeper, scorer, marker
计时员        time-keeper
国家记录        national record
亚洲纪录        Asian record
世界纪录        world record
东道国       host nation
主队       home team
客队       visiting team
预赛       preliminary
半决赛       semi-finals
决赛       finals
上半场       first half
下半场       second half
各就各位……起!      On your marks-set!
犯规!        Foul!(to commit a foul)
加油!      Come on!
进球!      Goal!
越位!      Offside!
出界!      Outside!
好球!      Good shot!   

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常易译错的英语词组及句子


在其中         among the rest
投掷游戏         aunt Sally
晕船的人         bad sailor
风行事物         block-buster
爱管闲事的人        busy-body
泼醒人所用的冷水        cold pig
交换意见        compare notes
辅助泵        donkey pump
谷物(英)、纺织品(美)       dry goods
旋转碗碟架        dumb waiter
最后时刻        eleventh hour
庸俗的交易       familiar talk
家庭系普         family tree
举行罢工        go on strike
付印       go to bed
沙粒       grains of sand
妇女聚会       hen party
(商船上的)公司旗         house flag
两人用手交叉搭成的座架        lady chair
向上岸的水手行骗的人        lazy Susan
举止轻浮         light of carriage
夜班部经理         manager of the graveyard
军火商        merchant of death
打桩机        monkey engine
牵牛花        morning glory
(通常在夜间取走的)大粪         night soil
人身攻击         personal remark
海底阀        sea cock
海参         sea cucumber
电视广告剧          soap opera
淡水、饮用水         sweet water
多可惜!真遗憾!       What a shame!
打破沉默         to break the ice
全场掌声雷动        to bring down the house
收回自己的错话        to eat one’s words
还有多余的房间       to leave room to spare
开玩笑      to pull somebody’s leg
鼓起勇气,加紧努力       to pull up one’s socks
电刑处死         to sent somebody to the chair
受骗,上当        to be taken in
把自己看得太高        to think a great deal of oneself
你工作应当越仔细越好。     You can’t be too careful in your work.
他很乐意让他们走。    He was only too pleased to let them go.
他的信没有全部收到。      All his letters were not received.
人们会长时间地记住她的。   People will be long forgetting her.

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常见疾病名称


急性疼痛         acute pain
贫血症         anemia
动脉硬化        arteriosclerosis
气喘、哮喘         asthma
背痛         backache
打嗝、呕气        belch
出血         bleeding
支气管炎       bronchitis
瘀伤、挫伤        bruise
胸痛        chest pain
肝硬化        cirrhosis of liver
昏睡        coma
先天性心脏病         congenital heart disease
便秘         constipation
抽搐、痉挛        convulsion
咳嗽         coughing
痢疾、腹泻         diarrhea
不舒服         discomfort
水肿、积水         dropsy
十二指肠溃疡        duodenal ulcer
耳痛         earache
发烧         fever
胃溃疡         gastric ulcer
心力衰竭         heart failure
肝炎         hepatitis
嘶哑         hoarseness
胃酸过多         hyperacidity
高血压         hypertension
低血压         hypotension
感冒         influenza
失眠         insomnia
内出血         internal bleeding
脉律不齐         irregular pulse
黄疸        jaundice
腰痛        lumbago
更年期        menopause
流鼻血        nasal bleeding
恶心        nausea
神经痛        neuralgia
麻木        numbness
肺炎        pneumonia
视力不良        poor vision
打喷嚏        sneeze
咽喉炎        sore throat
鼻塞        stuffed nose
晕倒、晕厥        swoon
口渴         thirst
血栓形成        thrombosis
意识丧失        unconsciousness
尿失禁        urinary incontinence
视力障碍        visual disturbance


一般医学名词

蛋白尿        albuminuria
血型        blood group
摄氏温度表        Celsius scale
诊断        diagnosis
出院        discharged from hospital
流行性的         epidemic
检查        examination
免疫性、免疫力       immunity
潜伏期        incubation period
注射        injection
营养        nutrition
手术        operation
脉搏        pulse
反应        reaction
红细胞        red cell
呼吸         respiration
坐骨神经痛        sciatica
非典型性肺炎         severe acute respiratory
消毒        sterilization
症状        symptom
治疗       treatment
尿        urine
白细胞       white cell
X射线       X-ray

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汉语时事用语


1.新世纪任务

Chinese people face three major tasks in the new century: to speed up the modernization drive; reunify the motherland; and safeguard world peace and promote common development.
进入新世纪,我们必须抓好的三大任务,就是继续推进现代化建设,完成祖国统一,维护世界和平与促进共同发展。

We hope the new century will be a century in which people of all nations live in peace.
我们希望,新世纪成为各国人民共享和平的世纪。

In the 20th century, the world suffered a lot from wars and conflicts. Even today, people in quite a few countries and regions are still enduring the torment of wars and conflicts. The Chinese people sincerely hope that they will be able to enjoy peace soon.
在20世纪里,世界饱受各种战争和冲突的苦难。时至今日,仍有不少国家和地区的人民还在忍受战火的煎熬。中国人民真诚地祝愿他们早日过上和平安宁的生活。

The Chinese people love peace and freedom. China pursues an independent foreign policy of peace and is always on the side of justice.
中国人民热爱和平与自由,始终奉行独立自主的和平外交政策,永远站在人类正义事业的一边。

Guided by the theories of Deng Xiaoping, the Chinese people will firmly promote the reform and opening-up drive and economic construction, firmly implement the principles of “peaceful reunification” and “one country, two systems”, and firmly pursue the independent foreign policy of peace. They will strive to promote the building of socialism with Chinese characteristics, the reunification of the motherland and the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, and make new contributions to mankind.
中国人民将坚持以邓小平理论为指导,坚定不移地推进改革开放和经济建设,坚定不移地贯彻“和平统一、一国两制”方针,坚定不移地奉行独立自主的和平外交政策,为不断推进建设有中国特色社会主义事业,最终实现祖国的完全统一,实现中华民族的伟大复兴而不懈奋斗,争取对人类做出新的更大的贡献。

In the new year, boosting peace and continuing development will remain the common aspiration of all nations. Peace is a prerequisite for the development and prosperity of the world.
进入新的一年,促和平,求发展,仍是世界各国人民的共同愿望。和平是世界发展繁荣的前提。

China will continue to pursue an in dependent foreign of peace and make unceasing efforts towards building a new, fair and reasonable international political and economic order by working with all other nations, to jointly build up a world of peace, development and progress.
中国将继续奉行独立自主的和平外交政策,与各国人民一道,为建立公正合理的国际政治经济新秩序而不懈努力,共同建设一个和平、发展、进步的美好世界。


2.改革开放

China will continue to adhere unswervingly to the policy of reform and opening-up, which is the only way to invigorate the country. China will maintain the policy of independence and self-reliance while expanding its opening-up to the outside world and conducting Sino-foreign economic and technological exchanges and co-operation on the basis of equality and mutual benefit, to enhance the country’s modernization drive.
我们要坚定不移地推进改革开放,这是强国之路。我们要坚持独立自主,自力更生,又要进一步扩大开放,继续在平等互利的基础上开展对外经济技术交流合作,不断推进我国的现代化建设。

We will continue to maintain social stability, which is the fundamental assurance for implementing our tasks of reform and construction.
我们要坚定不移地保持社会稳定。这是我们完成各项改革和建设任务的基本保证。

China must be vigilant to the attempts of hostile forces at home and abroad to create chaos and undermine the socialist modernization drive in China, all CPC members and people of all ethnic groups must strive to maintain the political situation of stability and unity in China.
对于国内外敌对势力伺机搞乱中国,破坏我们社会主义现代化的图谋,必须时刻保持警惕。全党同志和全国各族人民都要努力维护安定团结的政治局面。

The Chinese people have a glorious patriotic tradition and they are peace-lovers, the lofty goal of the Chinese people to build their nation into a strong, modern, prosperous, democratic, civilized and socialist country will certainly be achieved under the CPC’s leadership.
中国人民是具有光荣的爱国主义传统,热爱和平的伟大人民。在中国共产党的领导下,全国各族人民建设繁荣、富强、民主、文明的社会主义现代化国家的伟大目标,就一定能够达到!

Under the guidance of the theory of building socialism with Chinese characteristics, our Party has formulated the basic line for the primary stage of socialism: to lead the people of all our nationalities in a united, self-reliant, intensive and pioneering effort to turn China into a prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally advanced and modern socialist country by making economic development as our central task while adhering to the Four Cardinal Principles and persevering in reform and the opening policy. “One central task, two basic points” is a succinct summarization of this line.
在建设有中国特色社会主义理论的指导下,我们党形成了社会主义初级阶段的基本路线,这就是:领导和团结全国各族人民,以经济建设为中心,坚持改革开放,自力更生,艰苦创业,为把我国建设成为富强、民主、文明的社会主义现代化国家而奋斗。“一个中心,两个基本点”,是这条路线的简明概括。

Comrade Deng Xiaoping is the chief architect of our socialist reform and opening policy and of the modernization programme. He respects practice and the masses and pays constant attention to the interests and aspirations of the majority of the people. He is adept at generalizing from their experiences and innovations, and he can sense the direction in which things are moving and seize upon favorable opportunities whenever they present themselves. He has carried forward the fine work of our predecessors, and at the same time he has broken with outmoded conventions, displaying his great political courage by blazing a new path to socialism and his great theoretical courage by opening mew perspectives for Marxism. He has made historic contributions by formulating the theory of building socialism with Chinese characteristics.
邓小平同志是我国社会主义改革开放和现代化建设的总设计师。他尊重实践,尊重群众,时刻关注最广大人民的利益和愿望,善于概括群众的经验和创造,敏锐地把握时代发展的脉搏和契机,既继承前人又突破陈规,表现出了开辟社会主义建设新道路的巨大政治勇气和开拓马克思主义新境界的巨大理论勇气,对建设有中国特色的社会主义理论的创立做出了历史性的重大贡献。

The Chinese people will unremittingly adhere to Deng Xiaoping Theory and the basic line formulated by the CPC and push forward the great cause of building socialism with Chinese characteristics into the 21th century in accordance with the strategic objectives outlined by the CPC.
中国人民始终不渝地坚持邓小平同志理论和党的基本路线,按照中国共产党提出的战略目标,把建设有中国特色社会主义的伟大事业全面推向二十一世纪。

The number of areas and regions open to other countries needs to be increased. Exchanges can take place in all domains, at different levels and through many channels. Continued efforts should be made to improve the management of the special economic zones, the open coastal cities and the open coastal economic development areas. We must open more areas along the coast and accelerate the opening-up of the interior provinces and autonomous regions. We should also open more cities along the Yangtze River, while concentrating on the development and opening of the Pudong New Area of Shanghai. We want to make Shanghai one of the international economic, financial and trade centers as soon as possible and to bring about a new leap in economic development in the Yangtze River Delta and the whole Yangtze River basin.
对外开放的地域要扩大,形成多层次,多渠道,全方位开方的格局。继续办好经济特区,沿海开放城市和沿海经济开放区。扩大开放沿海地区,加快内陆省、自治区对外开放的步伐。以上海浦东开发开放为龙头,进一步开放长江沿岸城市,尽快把上海建成国际经济、金融、贸易中心之一,带动长江三角洲和整个长江流域地区经济的新飞跃。

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3.“一国两制”

The Taiwan issue concerns China’s sovereignty and territorial integrity, as well as China’s peaceful reunification and the national feeling of all Chinese people. The reunification of the motherland is the firm determination of the Chinese government and common will of all Chinese people, including Taiwan compatriots and overseas Chinese.
台湾问题攸关中国的主权和领土的完整,事关中国的和平统一大业和全国人民的民族感情。实现祖国统一,这是中国政府的坚定决心,也是全中国人民,包括台湾同胞,以及海外同胞的共同愿望。

There is only one China in the world and Taiwan is a part of China, Splitting China’s territory and sovereignty cannot be allowed under any circumstances. The main principle behind solving the Taiwan problem remains “peaceful reunification and one country, two systems”.
世界上只有一个中国,台湾是中国领土的一部分,中国的领土和主权绝对不容分割。我们解决台湾问题的基本方针,仍然是“和平统一,一国两制”。

On the issue of reunification of the motherland, we have put forward the creative concept of “one country, two systems”—the proposition that, on the prerequisite that there is only one China, for a long time to come the main part of the country should adhere to the socialist system while Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan maintain their original capitalist system. In accordance with this principle, we shall work for the peaceful reunification of the motherland.
在祖国统一的问题上,提出“一个国家,两种制度”的创造性构想,在一个中国的前提下,国家的主体坚持社会主义制度,香港、澳门、台湾保持原有的资本主义制度长期不变,按照这个原则来推进祖国和平统一大业的完成。

The return of Hong Kong to the motherland after going through a century of vicissitudes, indicates that from new on , Hong Kong compatriots have become true masters of this Chinese land and that Hong Kong has entered a new era of development.
经历了百年沧桑的香港回归祖国,标志着香港同胞从此成为祖国这块土地上的真正主人,香港的发展从此进入一个崭新的时代。

All Chinese people are looking forward to an early settlement of the Taiwan question. This is the very aspiration of the people. Any attempt to split Taiwan from China will never get anywhere. China is bound to achieve complete reunification.
全体中国人都盼望早日解决台湾问题,这就是民心所向。任何将台湾从中国分裂出去的图谋都不会得逞。中国必将实现完全统一。

There is only one China in the world. The Chinese mainland and Taiwan are both part of China and China’s sovereignty and territorial integrity cannot be separated.
世界上只有一个中国,大陆和台湾同属一个中国,中国的主权和领土完整不容分割。

It will benefit the people across the Straits to accelerate the establishment of direct trade, transport and postal links between the mainland and Taiwan.
尽快实现两岸直接“三通”将造福两岸同胞。


4.科教兴国

Education is fundamental to China’s prosperity, therefore all citizens are responsible for developing education programmes.
国运兴衰,系于教育,教育振兴,全民有责。

We must adhere to the principles of ensuring education serves the people and socialism, and combining educational development with social practices.
我们必须全面贯彻党的教育方针,坚持教育为社会主义、为人民服务,坚持教育与社会实践相结合。

Deepening educational reform, promoting quality-oriented education and striving for China’s revitalization.
深化教育改革,全面推进素质教育,为实现中华民族的伟大复兴而奋斗。


5.外交政策

The world has been moving towards multi-polarization since the end of the Cold War. However, the world is still far from stable.
冷战结束后,世界向多极化的方向发展,但天下仍很不太平。

Humanity is at a critical point for safeguarding world peace and promoting common development. Those moving with the current will see prosperity, while those going against it will head towards their doom.
人类正处在维护世界和平,促进共同发展的关键时刻,世界潮流,浩浩荡荡,顺之则昌,逆之则亡。

All countries and people that love peace and uphold justice should unite to push forward the establishment of a just and rational new international order in the common struggle against hegemonism and power politics.
一切爱好和平,维护正义的国家和人民,应该团结起来,为反对霸权主义和强权政治,推动建立公正合理的国际新秩序而共同奋斗!

We will continue unremitting to carry an independent foreign policy of peace and advance our friendly cooperation with the rest of the world on the basis of the Five Principles of Peaceful Co-existence. China will decided its stance and policy on all international issues proceeding from the fundamental interests of the Chinese people, and according to the rights or wrongs of the matter itself. China will firmly maintain state sovereignty and security, stand for justice and fear no pressure to promote world peace and development.
我们要继续坚定不移地贯彻执行独立自主的和平外交政策。在和平共处五项基本原则的基础上继续发展同世界各国的友好合作关系。对于一切国际事务,坚持从中国人民的根本利益出发,根据事情本身的是非曲直来决定自己的立场和政策,坚持维护国家的主权和安全,坚决伸张正义,不怕压,以促进人类和平与发展。

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6.依法治国

“Administrating by law” is an important component for implementing the fundamental strategy of “governing the country according to law.” It is an inevitable requirement for building a clean, hard-working and highly efficient government.
依法行政是贯彻依法治国基本方略的重要组成部分,是建设廉洁、勤政、务实、高效政府的必然要求。


7.外贸治国

Foreign trade work has to be dome conscientiously. China should continue implementing the strategy of market diversification to increase this year’s exports.
认真做好对外贸易工作,继续实施市场多元化战略,力争今年外贸出口有所增长。

To retain existing markets for China’s exports and open new ones. China will adjust and optimize the mix of export commodities, improve their quality and raise their added value. The policy measures for encouraging foreign trade and export must be fully carried out.
要力保现有市场,开拓新的市场。调整和优化出口商品结构,提高商品质量和附加值。落实鼓励外贸出口的政策措施。

In continuing implementing the “go global” strategy, China will encourage and help eligible enterprises under various forms of ownership to set up factories or undertake contracted projects outside China, particularly in neighbouring countries, in order to increase the export of technology, equipment, materials and labour.
继续实施“走出去”战略,鼓励和支持有条件的各类所有制企业,到国外,特别是周边国家投资办厂和承包工程,带动国内技术、设备、材料和劳务出口。

China will continue to utilize foreign funds and optimize the mix of foreign investment, with focus on bringing in advanced technology, modern managerial expertise and qualified specialists.
继续积极利用外资,优化外商投资结构。着力引进先进技术、现代化管理经验和专门人才。

China will encourage and guide foreign businesses to invest in modern agriculture, industries using high and new technologies, construction of infrastructure facilities, and development of the western region and to participate in the restructuring and reorganization of State-owned enterprises.
鼓励和引导外商投资现代农业、高新技术产业、基础设施建设、西部开发和参与国有企业改革、重组。

China will encourage foreign businesses, especially transnational corporations, to set up research and development centres, production bases and regional headquarters in China.
鼓励外商特别是跨国公司在我国境内建立研究开发中心、生产制造基地和地区总部。

To promote the development of China’s service industries, the country should attract large reputable foreign enterprises and intermediary agencies engaged in commerce and trade, tourism, accounting and auditing.
引进商贸、旅游、会计、审计等方面有信誉的境外大型企业和中介组织,促进外贸服务业发展。

China should also create conditions for attracting investment by small and medium-sized overseas enterprises.
积极创造条件,吸引境外中小企业投资。

China will continue to improve the investment environment and the legal system; do everything in accordance with the law, render better services to investors; improve efficiency, and standardize the work related to attracting foreign businesses and investment.
继续改善投资环境,健全法制,依法办事,改进服务,提高效率,规范招商引资行为。


8.西部开发

China will continue to make efforts to develop the western region and promote coordinated development of different areas, and strengthen the infrastructure development and improve the ecological environment in the western region.
继续实施西部大开发战略,促进地区基础设施和生态环境建设。

Efforts should be concentrated on key projects, including the Qinghai-Tibet Railway and efforts to divert gas and electricity from the western to the eastern regions.
着力抓好青藏铁路、西气东输、西电东送等重点工程建设。

The various policies and measures for developing the western region must be carried out in earnest to stimulate the development of old revolutionary base areas, areas inhabited by ethnic minority groups, border areas and poverty-stricken areas.
认真落实西部大开发的各项政策和措施,促进老少边穷地区发展。

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